Industry Dynamics

China has currently become one of the major energy-consuming countries in the world. The domestic energy gap is becoming more and more serious. Although petroleum enterprises themselves produce and collect energy, they are also the largest energy consumers. In particular, their collection equipment requires a large amount of energy during operation. Only by further improving energy-saving and consumption-reduction technologies and continuously innovating the crude oil collection process can we stabilize China's energy consumption problem.

Among them, oil production machinery is mainly divided into two categories:

1. Production machinery of the rod pumping system, including beam pumping units, belt pumping units, chain pumping units, special-shaped pumping units, etc. The rod pumping system has two disadvantages:

(1) The equipment is complex, with low efficiency and high energy consumption.

(2) There is a serious problem of eccentric wear commonly, and the oil wells have a short maintenance-free period, resulting in high downhole operation costs.

2. Production machinery of the rodless pumping system, mainly including submersible electric pumps, hydraulic piston pumps, etc. The rodless pumping system also has two disadvantages:
   (1) First, it has low efficiency and high energy consumption.
   (2) Second, it has poor universality.

II. What is the Working Principle of the Oil Production Equipment?

1. The Working Principle of the Rod Pumping System

Its working principle is as follows: When the piston moves upward, the discharge valve closes under the action of the liquid column in the tubing, and a section of liquid equivalent to the length of the piston stroke is discharged. At the same time, the pressure of the liquid column in the pump barrel decreases. Under the action of the pressure of the liquid column in the annular space between the tubing and the casing, the suction valve opens, and the well fluid enters the pump to occupy the space vacated by the piston. When the piston moves downward, the liquid column in the pump barrel is compressed, and the pressure increases. When this pressure is equal to the pressure of the liquid column in the annular space, the suction valve closes by its own weight. During the continued downward movement of the piston, the pressure in the pump continues to rise. When the pressure in the pump exceeds the pressure of the liquid column in the tubing, the liquid column in the pump will open the discharge valve and flow into the tubing.

2. The Working Principle of the Rodless Pumping System

The downhole part is the main unit of the hydraulic piston pump, which is composed of three parts: the hydraulic motor, the hydraulic piston pump, and the slide valve control mechanism. The surface power pump delivers the power fluid to the downhole drive cylinder and the reversing valve through the tubing, thereby driving the oil pump to pump oil.